The quality of life when approaching retirement and during retirement in Romania. How important are age, marital status, communication and satisfaction within the family?
Cuvinte cheie:
calitatea vieții, vârstnici, comunicarea în familie, satisfacția în familieRezumat
Comparativ cu populația generală, abordarea calității vieții la vârstnici este diferită. Odată cu pensionarea, contactul cu foștii colegi scade, socializarea scade, iar calitatea relației conjugale devine mai importantă. Studiul curent își propune să investigheze următoarele aspecte în perioada apropierii pensionării și la pensionare în România: 1) Comunicarea, satisfacția familială și calitatea vieții la vârstnici, 2) corelațiile posibile dintre aceste elemente. Un studiu transversal a fost realizat între 2016 și 2017 pe 601 de pacienți (55–93 de ani). Au fost utilizate Chestionarul de calitate a vieții forma scurtă (WHOQOL-BREEF), scalele de comunicare și satisfacție în familie elaborate de Olson și colab. Au fost analizate corelațiile dintre ele și influența stării civile și a vârstei pe aceste scale, folosind testul Kruskal-Wallis. Pentru itemii 1 și 2 și pentru domeniile WHOQOL-BREEF, s-au înregistrat scoruri medii mai mari pentru cei de 55–74 de ani, pentru persoanele căsătorite și pentru cei cu un nivel de satisfacție familială moderat, înalt și foarte ridicat. Participanții cu un nivel moderat și mai ridicat de comunicare și satisfacție a familiei au spus că au fost mulțumiți în mare măsură de calitatea vieții lor. Calitatea vieții scade odată cu vârsta, dar aceste inconveniente legate de vârstă sunt mai bine confruntate de persoanele căsătorite care au o bună comunicare și satisfacție în cadrul familiei.
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