Pregnancy during a pandemic: how stress affects pregnant women and the development of their babies during COVID-19
Cuvinte cheie:
sănătate perinatală, boala coronavirus 2019, anxietate, depresie, sarcină.Rezumat
Stresul matern prenatal are un impact negativ asupra evoluției sarcinii, dezvoltării fetale, dezvoltării copilului și psihopatologiilor ulterioare. Studiul a urmărit să înțeleagă liniile directoare și recomandările legate de prevenirea și gestionarea stresului prenatal și a simptomatologiei psihiatrice a femeilor însărcinate în timpul pandemiei COVID-19. Această lucrare este o recenzie bazată pe informațiile din literatura de specialitate. Analiza s-a limitat la articolele și ghidurile în limba engleză publicate în perioada 1 ianuarie 2003 – 14 octombrie 2020 pe PubMed folosind următoarele cuvinte-cheie: sănătate mintală perinatală, anxietate, boală coronavirus 2019, depresie, sănătate mintală, sarcină, prenatal, tulburare de stres posttraumatică. În această revizuire, discutăm despre asocierea dintre pandemia COVID-19 și o tendință ascendentă a stresului psihologic și a simptomatologiei psihiatrice la femeile gravide. Femeile gravide se confruntă cu simptome crescute de anxietate și depresie în timpul pandemiei COVID-19, care sunt într-o relație strânsă cu problemele specifice COVID-19 legate de amenințările la adresa vieții lor, sănătatea bebelușului lor, neacordarea unei îngrijiri prenatale suficiente și izolarea socială. Un număr însemnat de studii corelează stresul matern din timpul sarcinii cu dezvoltarea atipică fetală, într-o manieră în care crește sensibilitatea la boli și inadaptarea, la copii. Mai multe grupuri de cercetare au folosit nivelul crescut de anxietate prenatală ca indicator pentru a sugera stresul prenatal, raportându-se la corelația cu tulburările cognitive, comportamentale și neurologice la copii. Factorii
protectivi, de reziliență pot fi sprijinul social și activitatea fizică. Există o nevoie urgentă de a sprijini femeile însărcinate în acest moment critic, pentru a atenua rezultatele negative pe termen lung, având în vedere efectele cunoscute ale stresului în sarcină, pentru făt și, ulterior, pentru copil.
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